Research data can be extracted from a wide variety of places, depending on the specific research question and methodology. It could be generated within the research project or mined from external databases and re-used.

• Research instruments: it is advisable to make the essential details such as the instrument type, model/vendor, configuration, acquisition mode, analysis workflow, detectors etc. used available. By providing comprehensive instrument descriptions, researchers can ensure transparency and facilitate reproducibility, contributing to the overall rigor and reliability of the study's findings.
• Computations and simulations: it is recommended to specify the software used including the information on version and provide documentation needed to validate the data and facilitate its re-use. This can be ensured by supplying readme files with precise information on codebooks, variable definitions and methodology.
• External data sources: researchers can access publicly available datasets or data repositories that house data collected by other researchers or organizations. The description of such sources should include any restrictions or agreements on reusing the data.